Enhance the LSM learning experience with the Breast Health Training Tool (BHTT) – A collection of 10 single breast models with realistic medical illustration demonstrating over 50 breast conditions on four different skin tones.
Clinical Breast Conditions
Potential Differential Diagnoses
Blood blister:
- Pumping damage
Areolar rash:
- Contact dermatitis
- Trauma from breast pump flange
- Eczema
- Herpes zoster
Blood from single nipple pore in lactating woman:
- Contact dermatitis
- Trauma from breast pump flange
- Eczema
- Herpes zoster
Potential Differential Diagnoses
Blood blister:
- Pumping damage
Lesion on nipple-areolar complex:
- Benign Montgomery glands
- Acne
- Folliculitis
- Sebaceous cyst
Blood from single nipple pore in lactating woman:
- Contact dermatitis
- Trauma from breast pump flange
- Eczema
- Herpes zoster
Potential Differential Diagnoses
Rash on breast tissue and areola:
- Contact dermatitis
- Eczema
- Psoriasis
- Paget’s disease
Potential Differential Diagnoses
Lesion on nipple-areolar complex:
- Paget’s disease
- Nipple wound
- Trauma with or without superimposed Streptococcal/Staphylococcal infection
- Trauma without infection
Potential Differential Diagnoses
Lesion on nipple:
-
Paget’s disease
-
Melanoma of the nipple
-
Nipple trauma/wound with superimposed bacterial infection
-
Wart
-
Hyperkeratosis
- Benign mole
- Melanoma
- Basal cell carcinoma
- Accessory nipple
- Hyperkeratosis
Potential Differential Diagnoses
Nipple discoloration:
- Sore nipple due to pumping or breastfeeding
- Contact dermatitis
- Subacute mastitis (not mammary candidiasis)
- Vasospasm
- Benign mole
- Accessory nipple
- Melanoma
- Psoriasis
- Eczema
- Contact dermatitis
Potential Differential Diagnoses
Trauma from pumping causing:
- Periareolar bruising
- Abrasion at base of nipple
- Blister on side of nipple
- Normal vein development
- Sore nipple from feeding or pumping
- Nipple exudate from subacute mastitis
Potential Differential Diagnoses
Nipple damage:
- Trauma due to poor latch or pumping
- Ulcer/erosive adenomatosis
- Paget’s disease
- Accessory nipple
- Benign nevus
- Malignant nevus
Potential Differential Diagnoses
Rash on breast:
- Drug-induced urticaria
- Urticaria due to oxytocin/let-down reflex
- Urticaria due to allergy
(food,environment) - Stevens Johnson syndrome/Toxic
epidermal necrolysis
- Inverted due to benign, normal anatomy
- Retracted due to malignant process
(note areolar asymmetry)
Potential Differential Diagnoses
Breast tissue:
- Inflammatory breast cancer
- Mastitis
- Dependent edema
- Postpartum engorgement
- Flat
- Retracted due to malignant process
- Inverted (benign, normal anatomy)
Sample Training Scenario: Pain during breast pumping
Questions for Learners Pumping is Painful: Breast Health Training Tool, Breast #7
Discussion topics: Could nipple cream application and a different breast pump flange size, suction setting, or flange type have prevented this situation? What could the mother do to promote healing? Can she continue to nurse or express milk from this breast?
Use the Advanced Lactation Simulation Model (right breast) to practice hand expression.
